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Commands Linux

df -h Explained

Understand what df -h means, how to break it down, and when to use it safely.

df -h Explained

Introduction

This article explains a common df usage that administrators and learners often need to understand clearly.

What This Command Means

The command performs this specific task with df:

df -h

Breaking Down the Command

  • df is the command being run.
  • The options or arguments decide the behavior.
  • The final value is the target, such as a file, process, service, package, host, URL, or directory.

Practical Examples

df -h
df -h
findmnt /var

Example output:

Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   50G   18G   33G  36% /

When to Use It

Use df when you need to know whether a filesystem is full or how much capacity remains on a mounted filesystem.

Common Mistakes

  • Confusing filesystem usage from df with directory size from du.
  • Ignoring inode exhaustion when block space is still available.
  • Checking the wrong mount point after bind mounts or separate filesystems.

Safer Alternatives

Inspect before changing state when possible:

findmnt /var

For wider changes, test on a small target before using the command broadly.

Summary

Understanding df -h is about knowing what each part does and checking the final state after running it.